Once conditions such as infections, neurological, anatomic, surgical, genetic or metabolic pathologies have been excluded through a medical history and physical examination then there are some practical steps to help decipher the diagnosis of an infant with persistent (1 week or more) regurgitation, vomiting and crying.

The first step in managing these babies is parental reassurance and education. In a vast majority of cases symptoms will resolve within 3-6 months. Overfeeding and positioning needs to be part of the education given to parents including correct preparation of infant formula if the baby is formula fed.^1,2,9